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The love of praise-worthiness is by no means derived altogether from the love of praise. Those two principles, though they resemble one another, though they are connected, and often blended with one another, are yet, in many respects, distinct and independent of one another. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 3. Part III Of the Foundation of our Judgments concerning our own Sentiments and Conduct, and of the Sense of Duty Consisting of One Section ： 3.1.2. Chap. II Of the love of Praise, and of that of Praise-worthiness; and of the dread of Blame, and of that of Blame-worthiness 《称賛に値するものを愛することは、称賛を愛することからすべて派生したものでは決してない。この２つの原理は、互いに似通っていて、繋がっていて、しばしば混合されているけれども、多くの点で、互いに異なり、独立したものである》― アダム・スミス『道徳感情論』第 3 部 自分自身の感情と行為に関する判断の基礎と１編からなる義務の感覚について：第２章 称賛の愛することと称賛に値するものを愛すること、並びに、非難を恐れることと非難に値することを怖れることについて The love and admiration which we naturally conceive for those whose character and conduct we approve of, necessarily dispose us to desire to become ourselves the objects o...

The second is the idea of that degree of proximity or distance from this complete perfection, which the actions of the greater part of men commonly arrive at. Whatever goes beyond this degree, how far soever it may be removed from absolute perfection, seems to deserve applause; and whatever falls short of it, to deserve blame. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. V Of the amiable and respectable virtues 《２つ目は、人間の大部分の行動が普通に到達する、このような完全完璧なものからどの程度の近いのか、遠いのかという考え方である。絶対的完全からどれほど離れていても、この程度を上回るものは称賛に値し、この程度を下回るものは非難に値すると思われる》― アダム・スミス『道徳感情論』：第 1 部 ３つの部分から構成される行為の妥当性について：第 1 編 行為の適宜性について：第５章 愛すべき立派な美徳について It is in the same manner that we judge of the productions of all the arts which address themselves to the imagination. When a critic examines the work of any of the great masters in poetry or painting, he may sometimes examine it by an idea of perfection, in hi...

On the contrary, there may frequently be a considerable degree of virtue in those actions which fall short of the most perfect propriety; because they may still approach nearer to perfection than could well be expected upon occasions in which it was so extremely difficult to attain it: and this is very often the case upon those occasions which require the greatest exertions of self-command.  There are some situations which bear so hard upon human nature, that the greatest degree of self-government, which can belong to so imperfect a creature as man, is not able to stifle, altogether, the voice of human weakness, or reduce the violence of the passions to that pitch of moderation, in which the impartial spectator can entirely enter into them. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. V Of the amiable and respectable virtues 《それどころか、非の打ち所のないほど適切だとまでは言えない行為であっても、し...

As taste and good judgment, when they are considered as qualities which deserve praise and admiration, are supposed to imply a delicacy of sentiment and an acuteness of understanding not commonly to be met with; so the virtues of sensibility and self-command are not apprehended to consist in the ordinary, but in the uncommon degrees of those qualities. The amiable virtue of humanity requires, surely, a sensibility, much beyond what is possessed by the rude vulgar of mankind. The great and exalted virtue of magnanimity undoubtedly demands much more than that degree of self-command, which the weakest of mortals is capable of exerting. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. V Of the amiable and respectable virtues 《趣味や判断力が、賞賛に値する資質と見做（みな）されるとき、通常触れることのない感情の繊細さや知性の鋭さを意味すると考えられているように、思いやりや自制という美徳は、在（あ）り来（き）たりではなく、稀な段階の資質にあると考えられている。思い遣りという立派な美徳には、野蛮な俗人が有するものを遥かに超えた感...

On the other hand, what noble propriety and grace do we feel in the conduct of those who, in their own case, exert that recollection and self-command which constitute the dignity of every passion, and which bring it down to what others can enter into! We are disgusted with that clamorous grief, which, without any delicacy, calls upon our compassion with sighs and tears and importunate lamentations. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. V Of the amiable and respectable virtues 《他方、自分自身の場合、あらゆる感情の品位を成し、それを他人が共鳴できる程度にまで低めるよう、想起し、自制する人々の行動には、なんと高貴な礼儀と気品が感じられることであろうか！ 何の心遣いもなく、溜息を吐（つ）き、涙を流し、執拗に嘆いて私達の同情を買いたがる喧（かまびす）しい嘆きにはうんざりしてしまう》― アダム・スミス『道徳感情論』：第 1 部 ３つの部分から構成される行為の妥当性について：第 1 編 行為の適宜性について：第５章 愛すべき立派な美徳について But we reverence that reserved, that silent and majestic sorrow, which discovers itself only in the swelling of the eyes, in the quivering of the lips and c...

Upon these two different efforts, upon that of the spectator to enter into the sentiments of the person principally concerned, and upon that of the person principally concerned, to bring down his emotions to what the spectator can go along with, are founded two different sets of virtues. The soft, the gentle, the amiable virtues, the virtues of candid condescension and indulgent humanity, are founded upon the one: the great, the awful and respectable, the virtues of self-denial, of self-government, of that command of the passions which subjects all the movements of our nature to what our own dignity and honour, and the propriety of our own conduct require, take their origin from the other. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. V Of the amiable and respectable virtues 《この２つの異なる努力の上に、すなわち、見物人が主当事者の感情を汲み取る努力と、主当事者が見物人の同調できる程度に自分の感情を下げる努力の上に、異なる ２ 組の美徳が成り立っている。控えめ...

The mind, therefore, is rarely so disturbed, but that the company of a friend will restore it to some degree of tranquillity and sedateness. The breast is, in some measure, calmed and composed the moment we come into his presence. – Adam Smith, The Theory of moral sentiments ： 1. Part 1 Of the Propriety of Action Consisting of Three Sections ： 1.1. Section I Of the Sense of Propriety ： Chap. IV The same subject continued 《それゆえ、心がそれほど掻き乱されることは滅多にないが、友人が一緒であれば、ある程度落ち着きを取り戻せるだろう。友人と一緒になった瞬間、胸は幾らか落ち着くのである》― アダム・スミス『道徳感情論』：第 1 部 ３つの部分から構成される行為の妥当性について：第 1 編 行為の適宜性について：第 4 章 同じ問題の続き We are immediately put in mind of the light in which he will view our situation, and we begin to view it ourselves in the same light; for the effect of sympathy is instantaneous. We expect less sympathy from a common acquaintance than from a friend: we cannot open to the former all those little circumstances which we can unfold to the latter: we assume, therefore, more tranquillity before him, and endeavour t...